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Mírzá Muhammad `Alí ( 1852–1937) was one of the sons of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith. He was the eldest son of his father's second wife, Fatimih Khanum, later known as Mahd-i-'Ulya, whom Bahá'u'lláh married in Tehran in 1849. Muhammad `Alí received the title from his father of ''Ghusn-i-Akbar'' ("Greater Branch"). In the ''Kitáb-i-‘Ahd'' ("Book of the Covenant"), Bahá'u'lláh appointed `Abdu'l-Bahá as his successor, with Muhammad `Ali subordinate to `Abdu'l-Bahá. Both were noted explicitly by their titles. As time passed, Muhammad `Alí claimed that `Abdu'l-Bahá was not sharing power. According to some interpretations, Muhammad `Alí insisted that he should instead be regarded as the leader of the Bahá'ís. Many accusations were levelled against each other by both `Abdu'l-Bahá and Muhammad `Alí, culminating in Muhammad `Alí accusing his older brother of conspiring against the Ottoman government. This resulted in the imprisonment and near-death of `Abdu'l-Bahá and his family. Almost all Bahá'ís accepted `Abdu'l-Bahá as Bahá'u'lláh's successor. At the time of `Abdu'l-Bahá's death, Shoghi Effendi was appointed as the Guardian of the Faith by `Abdu'l-Bahá in his Will and Testament, while Muhammad `Alí was reprimanded in the same document. Because Bahá'u'lláh's last will and testament named Muhammad `Alí as second in rank to `Abdu'l-Bahá, he took the opportunity of `Abdu'l-Bahá's death to try to revive his claim to leadership, but his attempt to occupy the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh by force left him on the losing end of a legal battle that removed any rights he had to the property. The division between rival sects with Muhammad `Alí and Shoghi Effendi as their respective leaders was short-lived and Shoghi Effendi emerged as the leader of the worldwide Bahá'í community. Muhammad `Alí died in 1937 as an outcast, and was labelled by Shoghi Effendi as the arch-breaker of the Covenant of Bahá'u'lláh. == See also == *Bahá'u'lláh's family *Covenant-breaker *Bahá'í divisions 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mírzá Muhammad `Alí」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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